基础阅读01课堂笔记.pdf

基础阅读01课堂笔记
2020年1月5日10:57
【方法论】NOTE:
【词汇短语】
【方法技巧】
方向比速度更重要
【题文关键】
1、长难句(语法)【关键词、句】
2、抓主要矛盾【唐叔tips】
逻辑提示词(时间、转折、情感色彩)
选项笔记
阅读先看问题,题干?选项?——只看题干,通常不看选项(红色字体最为关键)
1、定位词
1)大写、人名、地名、时间、时代、数字
2)名词、形容词
2、串联题干间逻辑,推测文章主题
题干5条重要信息联系起来,约等于文章中心
【真题示例】
2004text1
【串联题干】:Findjob/jobhunter在题
41.HowdidRedmonfindhisjob?
干中重复出现,所以文章主要讲“找工
42.Whichofthefollowingcanbeadisadvantageofarchagents?
作”。
43.Theexpression"tiprvice"(line3,paragraph3)mostprobablymeans________.
反复重复的信息与文章中心相关
44.WhydoesCareerSite'sagentoffereachjobhunteronlythreejoboptions?
45.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?
agent与找工作也相关
2008text1
21.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?
[A]Womenarebiologicallymorevulnerabletostress.
[B]Womenarestillsufferingmuchstresscaudbymen.【串联题干】:21、22题干与选项都反复
[C]Womenaremoreexperiencedthanmenincopingwithstress.出现了stress和women,23题干也出现了
[D]Menandwomenshowdifferentinclinationswhenfacedwithstress.thestresswomen这一关键词,根据题干
串联信息可以在25题选项中找到与stress
22.Dr.Yehuda'srearchsuggeststhatwomen_______.
women相关的选项。
[A]needextradosofchemicalstohandlestress.
[B]havelimitedcapacityfortoleratingstress.
[C]aremorecapableofavoidingstress.
[D]areexpodtomorestress.
23.AccordingtoParagraph4,thestresswomenconfronttendstobe______.
24.Thentence“Ilivedfrom有道考神考研paychecktopaycheck.”(Line6,Para.5)showsthat
方法是用来辅助的,看到题要先读文章,
25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?根据文章结合方法选择。
[A]StrainofStress:NoWayOut?
[B]ResponstoStress:GenderDifference
[C]StressAnalysis:WhatChemicalsSay
[D]GenderInequality:WomenUnderStress
【文章讲解】
2000passage1
Ahistoryoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicap,but,ifproperlyhandled,1、阅读中的形容词、副词非常重要,可
itmaybecomeadrivingforce.//WhentheUnitedStatenteredjustsuchaglowingperiod以表达作者的态度和立场。
aftertheendoftheSecondWorldWar,ithadamarketeighttimeslargerthanany2、梳理句间、段间逻辑关系,相同的逻
competitor,givingitsindustriesunparalleledeconomiesofscale.//Itsscientistswerethe辑或相反的逻辑but、however。
分区21领学班的第1页
itmaybecomeadrivingforce.//WhentheUnitedStatenteredjustsuchaglowingperiod以表达作者的态度和立场。
aftertheendoftheSecondWorldWar,ithadamarketeighttimeslargerthanany2、梳理句间、段间逻辑关系,相同的逻
competitor,givingitsindustriesunparalleledeconomiesofscale.//Itsscientistswerethe辑或相反的逻辑but、however。
world'sbest,itsworkersthemostskilled.AmericaandAmericanswereprosperousbeyondthe相同的逻辑,前句后句逻辑相同,后句重
dreamsoftheEuropeansandAsianswhoeconomiesthewarhaddestroyed.复是因为观点重要。——中心
【词汇短语】
Dreadful(可怕的)Handicap(阻碍、障碍)Glowing(辉煌的)Unparalleled(无与伦比的)
Prosperous(繁荣、富强)
第一句:本来说是adreadfulhandicap不好的事,but转折之后itmaybecomeadrivingforce.,作
者要强调得是后面的好的事情。
第一句与第二句之间、第三句与第二句之间、第四句与第三句之间无转折,是相同逻辑。
所以第一段在说美国好。
Itwasinevitablethatthisprimacyshouldhavenarrowedas(因为)othercountriesgrew
richer.Justasinevitably,theretreatfrompredominanceprovedpainful.//(案例)Bythe
mid-1980sAmericanshadfoundthemlvesatalossovertheirfadingindustrial
competitiveness.SomehugeAmericanindustries,suchasconsumerelectronics,hadshrunkor
vanishedinthefaceofforeigncompetition./By1987therewasonlyoneAmericantelevision
makerleft,Zenith.(Nowthereisnone:ZenithwasboughtbySouthKorea'sLGElectronics文章括号中的内容一定要看!
inJuly.)/Foreign-madecarsandtextilesweresweepingintothedomesticmarket./America's
machine-toolindustrywasontheropes./Forawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingof
miconductors,whichAmericahadinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputer
age,wasgoingtobethenextcasualty.
【词汇短语】
shrunk(缩水)vanished(消失)
四个案例:电视机行业是消失的。纺织行业是缩水的。机械制造业是缩水的。半导体产业是缩水的。
Allofthiscaudacrisisofconfidence.//Americansstoppedtakingprosperityfor
granted.Theybegantobelievethattheirwayofdoingbusinesswasfailing,andthattheir
incomeswouldthereforeshortlybegintofallaswell.Themid-1980sbroughtoneinquiryafter
anotherintothecausofAmerica'sindustrialdecline.Theirsometimesnsationalfindings
werefilledwithwarningsaboutthegrowingcompetitionfromoveras.
【词汇短语】
Takesthforgranted(认为……理所应当)
Howthingshavechanged!In1995theUnitedStatescanlookbackonfiveyearsofsolid
growthwhileJapanhasbeenstruggling.Few(否定)Americansattributethissolelytosuch少数派观点往往代表作者的观点。
obviouscausas(介词:作为/=)adevalueddollarortheturningofthebusinesscycle.Self-
doubthasyieldedtoblindpride.有道考神考研(自我怀疑已经屈从于盲目自信。——对后三者持反对观点。)/
"Americanindustryhaschangeditsstructure,hasgoneonadiet,haslearnttobemorequick-
witted,"accordingtoRichardCavanaugh,executivedeanofHarvard'sKennedySchoolof
Government./"ItmakesmeproudtobeanAmericanjusttoehowourbusinessare
improvingtheirproductivity,"saysStephenMooreoftheCatoInstitute,athink-tankin
Washington,D.C./AndWilliamSahlmanoftheHarvardBusinessSchoolbelievesthatpeople
willlookbackonthisperiodas"agoldenageofbusinessmanagementintheUnitedStates."
【词汇短语】
Solid(稳固的)yieldto(屈从于)
51.TheU.S.achieveditspredominanceafterWorldWarⅡbecau________.
因果题【串联题干】:题干中economy反复出
[A]ithadmadepainstakingeffortstowardsthisgoal现,谈的是美国经济的话题,51美国经济
为了达到这一目标煞费苦心。原文:effortless,和原文意思相反。
好,52美国经济不好,54美国经济又变得
[B]itsdomesticmarketwaighttimeslargerthanbefore
他的国内市场比以前大了八倍。原文:比较的是任何竞争对手,偷换概念。好,要关注美国经济变化的原因。
分区21领学班的第2页
[A]ithadmadepainstakingeffortstowardsthisgoal现,谈的是美国经济的话题,51美国经济
为了达到这一目标煞费苦心。原文:effortless,和原文意思相反。
好,52美国经济不好,54美国经济又变得
[B]itsdomesticmarketwaighttimeslargerthanbefore
他的国内市场比以前大了八倍。原文:比较的是任何竞争对手,偷换概念。好,要关注美国经济变化的原因。
[C]thewarhaddestroyedtheeconomiesofmostpotentialcompetitors正确
战争已经破坏了潜在竞争者的经济。明察秋毫。
[D]theunparalleledsizeofitsworkforcehadgivenanimpetustoitconomy
无与伦比的规模给经济以动力。原文:scale和size同义替换,原文讨论经济规模,偷换概念。
52.ThelossofU.S.predominanceintheworldeconomyinthe1980sismanifestedinthefact
thattheAmerican________.
细节题
[A]TVindustryhadwithdrawntoitsdomesticmarket
电视机行业已经退回了国内市场。原文:消失。
[B]miconductorindustryhadbeentakenoverbyforeignenterpris
半导体行业已经被国外公司接管。原文:将要被接管。
[C]machine-toolindustryhadcollapdaftersuicidalactions
机械制造业已经崩溃了。原文:命悬一线。
[D]autoindustryhadlostpartofitsdomesticmarket正确
汽车行业已经丧失了部分的国内市场。
53.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?(下节课讲解,提前自己思考)
推理题
[A]Itishumannaturetoshiftbetweenlf-doubtandblindpride.
[B]Intencompetitionmaycontributetoeconomicprogress.正确
[C]Therevivaloftheeconomydependsoninternationalcooperation.
[D]Alonghistoryofsuccessmaypavethewayforfurtherdevelopment.
54.TheauthoremstobelievetherevivaloftheUSeconomyinthe1990scanbeattributed
tothe________.
因果题
[A]turningofthebusinesscycle正确
经济的周期。原文:fewAmerican
[B]restructuringofindustry
产业结构的重新调整。原文:RichardCavanaugh,作者反对的观点。
[C]improvedbusinessmanagement
提升管理。原文:Williamsahlman,作者反对的观点。
[D]successineducation
教育的成功。幻觉。
1、形容词、副词。(详细见前)2、逻辑关系。(详细见前)
3、因果
becausince有道考神考研asfor
介词:因此作为为了
连词:(后面接的是句子)因为因为因为
Derivefrom;originatefrom;stemfrom;resultfrom+原因
Owingto;dueto;attributeto(归因于)+原因
Leadto;contributeto+结果
定语从句表示因果关系(解释说明)
分区21领学班的第3页