2019年06月四级听力原文（第1套）x

CollegeEnglishTestBand4
PARTIIListeningComprehension
SectionADirections:
Inthisction,youwillhearthreenewsreports,attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.
Boththenewsreportsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.
Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.
Then,markthecorrespondingletteronanswersheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
Newsreport1
A9-year-oldCentralCaliforniaboybravedstrongcurrentsandcoldwatertoswimfromSanFranciscotoAlcatrazIslandandback.
ACaliforniatelevisionstationEnfresno,reportedTuesdaythatJimSavage,tarecordastheyoungestswimmertomakethejourneytotheformerprison.
TheTVstationreportedthatbycompletingtheswim,thefourth-gradestudentfromLosBaniosbrokearecordpreviouslyheldbya10-year-oldboy.
JimsaidthatwavesintheSanFranciscoBayhittinghimintheface30minutesintothisswim,madehimwanttogiveup.
Hisfathersaid,hehadofferedhisson100dollarsasareward.
Toencouragehisstrugglingson,hedoubleditto200dollars.
Jamespushedforward,makingittoAlktraskIslandandbackinalittlemorethan2hours.
Alktraskisoveramilefromthemainland.
Questions1and2arebadonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
1.WhatdidtheboyfromcentralCaliforniadoaccordingtoreport?
2.Whatdidthefatherdotoencouragehisson?
Newsreport2
OnthefirstJanuary,newregulationswerecomingtoafactwhicheliminatedanannualleavebonusforpeoplewhoputoffmarriageuntiltheageof23forwomenand25formen,theSouthChinamorningpostreports.
Theholidaybonuswastodesigntoencourageyoungpeopletodelaygettingmarried,inlineswithChina'sone-childpolicy,butwiththepolicynowbeenabolished,thisholidayincentiveisnolongernecessary.Thegovernmentsays.
Inshanghai,theyoungcoupleatthemarriageregistrationofficetoldthepaperthattheydecidedtoregistertheirmarriageassoonaspossibletotakeadvantageoftheexistingpolicy.
Becauanextraholidaywasabigdealforthem.
InBeijing,oneregistrationofficehadabout300couplesekingtogetmarriedthedayafterthechangeswereannounced.
Ratherthantheusualnumberofbetween70and80,butonelawyertellsthepaperthechangesstillhavetobeadoptedbylocalgovernmentsandtheprocedurestaketime,sopeoplewhoarerushingtoregisterformarriagecanrelax.
Question3and4arebadonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
3.WhatwasthepurpooftheannualleavebonusofChina?
4.Whatdowelearnaboutthenewregulations?
Newsreport3
Everyonelovesagoodhouparty,butthecleaningupthenextmorningisn'tanjoyable.
Now,however,aNewZealandbadstartupcompanyaimstobringmessyhomesandevensplittingheadachesbacktonormal.
TheproperlynamedstartupMorningAfterMaidswaslaunchedabout1monthagoinAucklandbyroom-maidsRebeccaFollyandCatherineAshers.
Asidefromcleaningup,thetwowillalsocookbreakfastandevengetcoffeeandpainkillersforrecoveringmerrymakers.
Althoughtheyarebothgainfullyemployed,theydidcleaningjobsintotheirnightsandweekendswhichiswhentheirrviceisinmostdemandanyway.
Besidesbeingflattedwithrequestfromacrossthecountry,FollyandAshershavealsoreceivedrequestfromtheU.S.andCanadatoprovidethervicesthere,theyarereportedlymeetingwithlawyerstoehowbesttotakethebusinessforward.
Question5—7arebadonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
5.Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout?
6.Whatisacommonproblemwiththehouparty?
7.WhatareRebeccaFollyandCatherinAshishplanningtodo?
SectionBDirectionsInthisction,youwillhear2longconversations,attheendofeachconversation,youwillhear4questions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.
Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,thenmarkthecorrespondingletteronanswersheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
LongConversation1
W:Carl,howdidyourdriver'stheoryexamgo?Itwasyesterday,right?
M:Yes,IpreparedasmuchasIcould.ButIwassonervoussinceitwasmycondtrial.Thepeoplewhoworkedatthetestcenterwereverykindthough.Wehadalittleconversationwhichcalmedmedownabit,andthatwasjustwhatIneeded.Then,aftertheexam,theyprintedoutmyresult.ButIwasafraidtoopenituntilIwasoutside.Itwassucharelieftopass.
W:Congratulations!Iknewyoucoulddoit.Iguessyouunderestimatedhowdifficultitwouldbethefirsttime,didn'tyou?Ihearalotofpeoplemakethatmistakeandgoinunderprepared.Butgoodjobinpassingthecondtime.I'msoproudofyou.Now,allyouhavetodonextisyourroadtest.Haveyouhadanylessonsyet?
M:Yes,thanks.I'msohappytobeactuallyontheroadnow.I'veonlyhadtwodrivinglessonssofar,andmyinstructorisveryunderstanding.So,I'mreallyenjoyingitandIcan'twaitformynextssion.Althoughthelessonsareratherexpensive.20poundsanhour,andtheinstructorsaysI'llneedabove30—40lessonsintotal,that'swhat?6—8hundredpounds.So,thistime,I'llneedtomakealotmoreeffort,andhopefully,it'llbesuccessfulthefirsttime.
W:Well,goodluck.
Questions8—11arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
8.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?
9.Whydidhefailtheexamthefirsttime?
10.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisdrivinglessons?
11.Whatdoesthemanhopetodonext?
Conversation2
M:Emma,I'vegotacceptedtotheUniversityofLeeds.Sinceyou'regoingtouniversityinEngland,doyouknowhowmuchitisforinternationalstudentstostudythere?
W:Congratulations.Yes,Ibelieveforinternationalstudents,you'llhavetopayaround13,000poundsayear,it'sjustabitmorethanthelocalstudents.
M:OK,sothat'sabout17,000dollarsforthetuitionandfees.Anyway,I'monlygoingtobethereforayear,doingmymasters.Soit'sprettygood.IfIstayedintheU.S.,it'dtake2years,andcostatleast50,000dollarsintuitionalone.Also,IhaveagoodchanceofwinningascholarshipatLeeds,whichwouldbeprettyawesome,thebenefitofbeingamusicgenius.
W:Yeah,Iheardyouareatalentedpianoplayer.Soyouaredoingapost-graduatedegreenow?I'mstillinmylastyear,graduatingnextJune.Finally,I'llbedonewithmystudies,andcouldgoontoearningloadsofmoney.
M:Areyoustillplanningonbeingateacher?Nomoneyatthatjobthen.
W:You'dbesurprid,I'mstillgoingtobeateacher.ButtheplanistoworkataninternationalschooloverasafterIgetayearorsoexperienceinEngland.It'sbetterpaid,andIgettotravel,whichremindsmeI'mlateformyclass,andI'vegotsomedocumentsIneedtoprintoutfirst.I'vebetterrun.
Questions12—15arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
12.Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow?
13.Whatisthemangoingtodo?
14.WhatmightqualifythemanforascholarshipattheLeedsuniversity?
15.Whatisthewomanplanningtodoaftergraduation?
SectionCDirections:Inthisction,youwillhearthreepassages,attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.
Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthe4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD,thenmarkthecorrespondingletteronanswersheet1withthesinglelinethroughthecentre.
Passage1
Scientistshaveidentifiedthousandsofknownantsspeciesaroundtheworld.
Andonlyafewofthembughumans.
Mostantsliveinthewoods,oroutinnature.
There,theykeepothercreaturesincheck,distributeeds,andcleandeadanddecayingmaterialsfromtheground.
Averysmallpercentageofantsdoharmtohumans.
Butthoareincrediblychallengingtocontrol.
Theyaresmallenoughtoeasilyslipinsideyourhou.
Liveincoloniesthatnumberinthetensofthousandstothehundredsofthousands,andreproducequickly.
Thatmakesthemgoodatgettingin,andhardtokickout.
Oncetheyttlein,theinctsstartaffectingyourhome.
Inadditiontobargingants,otherspeciescancaudifferentkindsofdamage.
Some,likecarpenterants,canundermineahomestructure,whileothersinterferewiththeelectricalunits.
Unfortunately,ourhomesareveryattractivetoants,becauitprovideverythingthecolonyneedstosurvive,suchasfood,water,andshelter.
So,howcanwepreventantsfromgettingintoourhomes?
Mostimportantofall,avoidgivingantsanyaccesstofood,particularlysugaryfoodbecauantshaveasweettooth.
Wealsoneedtocleanupspillsassoonastheyoccurandstorefoodinair-tightcontainers.
Evengarbageattractsants,soemptyyourtrashasoftenaspossible.
Andstoreyouroutsidegarbageinaliddedcan,whileawayfromdoorsandwindows.
Questions16—18arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
16.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutants?
17.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutcarpenterants?
18.Whatcanwedotopreventantsfromgettingintoourhomes?
Passage2
Myrearchfocusisonwhathappenstoourimmunesystemasweage.
Sothejoboftheimmunesystemistofightinfections.
Italsoprotectsusfromvirusandfromautoimmunedias.
Weknowthataswegetolder,it'asierforustogetinfections.
Soolderadultshavemorechancesoffallingill.
Thisividencethatourimmunesystemreallydoesn'tfunctionsowellwhenweage.
Inmostofourwork,whenwewerelookingatolderadultswho'vegotanillness,wealwayshavetohavehealthcontrols.
SoweworkveryclolywithagreatgroupofvolunteerscalledtheOneThousandElders,thevolunteersareall65oroverbutingoodhealth.
Theycometotheuniversitytoprovideuswithbloodsamplestobeinterviewedandtohelpustocarryoutawholerangeofrearch.
Therealimpactofourrearchisgoingtobeonhealthinoldage.
Atthemoment,wearelivingmuchlonger.
Lifeexpectancyisincreasingat2yearsforeverydecade,thatmeansanextra5hoursaday.
Iwanttomakesurethatolderadultsarestillabletoenjoytheiroldage,andthattheyarenotspendingtimeinhospitalwithinfections,feelingunwellandbeinggenerallyweak.
Wewantpeopletobehealthyevenwhentheyareold.
Questions19—21arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
19.Whatisthefocusofthespeaker'srearch?
20.Whatarethevolunteersaskedtodointherearch?
21.Whatdoesthespeakersaywillbetheimpactofhisrearch?
Passage3
WhenTedKomadastartedteaching14yearsagoatKilipElementary,hedidn'tknowhowtomanageaclassroomandwasstrugglingtoconnectwithstudents,henoticedacoupleofdaysafterschoolthatagroupofkidwouldgettogethertoplaychess.
"Iknowhowtoplaychess,letmegoandshowthekidshowtodoit,"hesaid.
Now,Komadacoachestheschool'schessteam.
Thewholeprogramstartedasasafeplaceforkidstocomeafterschool.
Andthisweek,dozensofthostudentsaregettingreadytoheadouttoNashvilleTennesetocompetewithabout5000otheryoungpeopleattheSuperNationalsofChess.
Thecompetitiononlyhappenveryfouryears,andthelasttimetheteamwent,theywonthethirdplaceinthenation.
KomadasaysChessgiveshimandhisstudentscontrol.
Theschoolhasthehighestnumberofkidsfromlow-incomefamilies.
Policefrequenttheareadayandnight.
As2monthsago,ayoungmanwasshotjustdownthestreet.
Komadalikestoteachhisstudentsthattheyshouldthinkabouttheirmovebeforetheydoit.
Thelessonsprovedvaluableoutsidetheclassroomaswell.
Manyparentsethelessonstranslateintotherealworld.
Studentsaremorelikelytothinkabouttheiractionsandewhethertheywillleadtotrouble.
Questions22—25arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
22.WhatdidTedKomadanoticeonedayafterhestartedteachingatKilipElementary?
23.WhataredozensofstudentsfromKomada'sschoolgoingtodothisweek?