学术英语writingintroduction专题知识

Howtowrite
anintroduction
第1页
WhatisIntroduction?
Introductionisthefirstctionofascientificpaper,includingthebackgroundinformationoftherearch,thenatureandscopeoftheprobleminvestigated.
第2页
Frequentlyaskedquestions
Whatisanintroductionfor?Isitasummary?
Anintroductionisnotasummary.
Asummaryrepeatsthemainideasofanessay.
Anintroductionintroducesthereadertothetopicoftheessay,describestheorganizationalstructureoftheessay,andexplainsthepointoftheessay(thethesisarguedfor).
第3页
Introduction
Thisisageneralintroductiontowhatthethesisisallabout.
Itisnotjustadescriptionofthecontentsofeachction.
Brieflysummarizethequestion(youwillbestatingthequestionindetaillater),someofthereasonswhyitisaworthwhilequestion,andperhapsgiveabriefoverviewofyourmainresults.
第4页
Significance
Thepurpoofanintroductionistopreparethereaderforthebodyofwritingthatcomesafterit.
Youknowwhatyouarewritingaboutandwhy.Butunlessyouinformyourreadersofthisinanintroduction,theywillfeellostandjudgeyouressaytobeanunclearpieceofwork!
Withoutanintroductionitissometimesverydifficultforyourreaderstofigureoutwhatyouaretryingtosay.Thereneedstobeathreadofanideathattheywillfollowthroughyourpaper.
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Frequentlyaskedquestions
WhatshouldIputinmyintroduction?
Donottrytopackeverythingintotheintroduction.Itwouldthennotbeanintroductionatall!
Anessayintroductiondoesnotneedtodomorethantellthereaderthetopicoftheessay,describehowthebodyoftheessayisorganized,andexplainthethesisthatyouargueforintheessay.
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Whatbelongsintheintroductoryction(s)ofyourpaper?
Astatementofthegoalofthepaper:whythestudywasundertaken,orwhythepaperwaswritten.Donotrepeattheabstract. 
Sufficientbackgroundinformationtoallowthereadertounderstandthecontextandsignificanceofthequestionyouaretryingtoaddress. 
Properacknowledgementofthepreviousworkonwhichyouarebuilding.Sufficientreferencessuchthatareadercould,bygoingtothelibrary,achieveasophisticatedunderstandingofthecontextandsignificanceofthequestion. 
Explainthescopeofyourwork,whatwillandwillnotbeincluded. 
Averbal"roadmap"orverbal"tableofcontents"guidingthereadertowhatliesahead.
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StructuralLayoutofIntroduction
1.1Introducingthegeneralrearchareaincludingitsbackground,importance,andprentlevelofdevelopment
1.2Reviewingpreviousrearchinthisarea
Indicatingtheproblemthathasnotbeensolvedbypreviousrearch,raisingarelevantquestion
Specifyingthepurpoofyourrearch
4.1Announcingyourmajorfindings
4.2Outliningthecontentsofyourpaper
Thefirstlayer
Thecondlayer
Thethirdlayer
Thefourthlayer
第8页
Thebackgroundinformation
Limitation
Theauthor’srearch
Rearchmethod
Result&Conclusion
第9页
Agoodintroduction
indicatesthetopicthattheessayisabout
describeshowthebodyoftheessayisorganized
explainsthepointofwritingtheessay
(thepointofwritinganessayisusuallytoargueforathesis,soyouwillneedtoexplainwhatthesisyouargueforandhowyouargueforit–thisiscalledathesis-statement,andmostessayintroductionsincludeone.)
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