土木工程专业英语测试二

版本二土木工程专业英语测试二(unit4&unit5&unit6)
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班级_________________姓名_________________学号___________________
Test2
Part1
SectionA:TranslatethefollowingChineitemsintoEnglish(20’)
承重墙bearingwall
水平梁horizontalbeams
高层建筑high-storeybuilding
垂直柱verticalsupport
内墙与外墙interiorandexteriorwall
总工chiefengineer
项目经理projectmanager
工程部worksdepartment
总部headquarter
施工人员constructor
工作效率workefficiency
智能楼宇intelligentbuilding
混凝土搅拌机concretemixer
质量与安全qualityandsafety
地下工程undergroundworks
打桩机pilingmachine
连续基础continuousfoundation
软土compressible/softsoil
剪力实验sheertest
独立垫式基础independentfoundation
SectionA:TranslatethefollowingChineitemsintoEnglish(20’)
1.sharply-pointedridge尖顶2.honeycombbricks_空心砖
3.qualifiedengineer合格的工程师
4.cleaningup清场
5.atthelowestcost以最低的成本
6.inharmony和谐一致
7.planandspeedofthejob工程计划与进度
8.withintherequiredtime在规定的时间内
9.superstructure上层结构
10.trialoperation试验施工
11.precastconcretepiles预制混凝土桩
12.strengthvariationtest应力变化测试
13.verticaltolerance垂直误差
14.triaxialtests三轴试验
15.asoilmechanicssurvey土力学勘探
16.soilsample土样
17.differentialttlement不均匀沉降
18.soilstratum土层
19.steeljoists钢梁
20.plainconcretewithoutreinforcement不加钢筋的素混凝土
Part2TranslatethefollowingntencesintoChine.(45’)
Buildingsmustbeabletocarrynotonlytheirownload,butalsotheweightofthepeopleandobjectswithinthem.(4)
房屋不仅仅能够承担其自身的重量,还能承担屋内人和物的重量。
2.Inbuildingsofsteelorreinforcedconcrete,thewallsrveonlyasscreensforenclosingandisolatingtherooms.(4)
在由钢筋或混凝土建筑的房屋中,墙仅仅作为围成或分隔房间的屏障。
3.roofscanprotecttheinteriorofthehouagainsttheweather,preventtheescapeoftheheatfromtheinteriorduringthecoldweatherandaredecorative(5)
屋顶能遮风避雨,避免在寒冷季节热量往外散发,且其还具备装饰的效果。
4.Thedesignermustbeinclocontactwitheverythingthatisdoneduringtheconstructionworksothatanychangesinthesiteconditions,materialsandworkbeingdonecanbeevaluatedand,ifnecessary,correctedorimproved.(6)
设计者必须在施工时与要做的每一件事保持密切的接触,以便在工地条件、材料和已在做的工作发生任何变化时能够加以判断,必要时可修改设计,做出调整。
5.Makingthesitereadyincludesconstructingaccessroads,makingthewarehou,concretemixers,officesandhousingfortheworkmenready.(4)
现场准备包括修建进场道路和准备好仓库、混凝土搅拌机、工作人员的办公室和住房。
6.Theemployeesshouldbegiventrainingforworkingskillsandknowledgeaboutqualityandsafetyaarlyaspossible.(4)
必须提前对这些雇工进行工作技能和质量安全方面的培训。
7.Thekeytothedesignofthefoundationistokeepthetotalttlementofthebuildingwithinreasonablelimitsandifonecolumnttlesmuchmorethanitsneighbor,thebuildingwillcertainlycrackandmaylookasifitwerebreakingintopieces.(6)
基础设计的关键是把建筑物的总沉陷量(thetotalttlement)限制在合理范围内(reasonablelimits).如果一个柱子比邻近的柱子沉陷的要大多,则建筑物必将开裂(crack),看上去就好像要破裂(breakintopieces)的样子.显然每个结构设计者都希望避免这种感觉。
8.Astocompressiblesoil,acorrectfoundationdesignwillapplyahigherpressuretothesmallerfoundationandaloweronetothelargerfoundation.(4)
在软土(compressiblesoil)上的正确的基础设计应是在较小的基础(asmallerfoundation)用承受较高的承载压力(ahighbearingpressure),较大基础则用承受较低的承载压力。
9.Twoofthetwoesntialrequirementsinthedesignoffoundationisthatdifferentialttlementofthevariouspartsofthestructureshallbeeliminatedasnearlyaspossible.(5)
设计者要达到两个基本要求(esntialrequirements):一是结构物总的沉降(totalttlement)要限制到尽量小的程度,二是要可能消除结构物各个部分不均匀沉降(differentialttlement)。
10.Theclientissatisfiedwiththeresultofthesoilconsolidation.(3)
业主对土壤固结的效果非常满意。
Part3completethentenceswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwordandtranslatethentencesintoChine.(15’)
Theadministrationdepartmentis_responsible________(responsibility)fortheallmattersrelatedtofinanceandpublicrelationship.(5’)
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Theyare_________(qualify)engineerswithatleast10-yearexperienceintheconstructionfield.(5’)
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Thefirststageof_________(evaluate)inconstructionworkconsistsofacarefulstudyofdemandsofdesignandofthesiteitlf.(5’)
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